A Contract Theory of Academic Freedom

Academic Freedom.

I started school in a one-room school house with nine grades but just six students. I was the entire kindergarten (called ‘primary’ in Iowa). The teacher would call us one by one to sit in the chair next to her desk. In my case, it was always a pleasant interlude. There was never a sense in my mind that she wanted me to do something. She would often mention something interesting and let it go a...

renvoi and freedom of contract

it is a possibility that when the parties to a contract choose the law of a country as the applicable law, that law may reject such agreement and refer the contract to another law. it is generally accepted that in such a situation, the provisions of the law chosen, excluding rules relating to conflict of laws, should apply to the contract. however, some lawyers believe that the substantive prov...

Protecting academic freedom

Gordon H. Guyatt, MD, FRCPC, is Professor of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and of Medicine at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario. Carol E. Cass, PhD, is Director of the Cross Cancer Institute and Professor and Chair of the Department of Oncology in the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry at the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Alberta. Alan C. Jackson, MD, FRCPC, is Professor an...

Homophobia and academic freedom.

SUMMARY Addressing homophobia and heterosexism as a teacher raises issues of respect for the intellectual freedom of your students. The central thesis of this article is that these issues are best addressed on the basis of general principles of academic freedom-that is, intellectual freedom in educational and research contexts. Three cases are analyzed on the basis of principles developed by th...

Individual Rights and Contract: (Freedom and Reciprocity in Contract Law)